Xandra Kramer (www.xandrakramer.eu) is Professor of Private Law at Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam; Professor of Private International Law at Utrecht University (the Netherlands); and Deputy Judge in the District Court of Rotterdam.

She is interested in the crossroads between procedural justice and economic efficiency, the functioning of civil justice systems, justice innovation, transnational complex litigation and enforcement; and the harmonization of private international law and civil procedure. She has been involved in multiple studies for the European Parliament, the European Commission, and the Dutch Ministry of Justice and Security on civil justice and private international law. She is co-reporter of the overarching Structure group of the ELI-Unidroit project on European Rules of Civil Procedure. She is Principal Investigator of the European Research Council consolidator project ‘Building EU civil justice: challenges of procedural innovations - bridging access to justice’ (www.euciviljustice.eu).